![]() ![]() Line 17: This line gives a short catalog, or list, of things (fire escapes, windowsills, etc.) off of which the conversationalists jumped.They project their own appearance on the things around them. The rooms are personified as "unshaven," when in reality the people who in inhabit them are the ones who haven't shaven. Line 8: An image of people suffering from paranoia.Line 4: The repeated use of the word "who" at the start of many consecutive lines is an example of anaphora.Line 1: The poem begins with an image of the speaker's "mad" friends as "starving hysterical naked.".The poem contains lots of historical references to psychiatric hospitals that seem straight out of the Jack Nicholson movie One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (based on a book written by Ginsberg's friend Ken Kesey): lobotomies, shock therapy, angry nurses, and more. ![]() But it can also be simply terrifying, as when Carl Solomon thinks he is losing "the game of the actual pingpong of the abyss" (104). Howl shows madness to be a kind of elevated state filled with hallucinations and visions. ![]()
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